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Habitat of C. pontederiifolia in the Utara (North) province in Sumatra
coll. Wongso SW 0406
photo Wongso |
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Another habitat of C. pontederiifolia in the Atjeh province in Sumatra
coll. Wongso SW 0407
photo Wongso
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Plants from the Tabakis locality
(Padang, West Sumatra). Note the pale reddish lower side of the leaves.
coll. Jacobsen NJ 85-29
photo Jacobsen |
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Low water in a stream in the Leuser Park in North Sumatra. Big patches of C. pontederiifolia around the trees.
coll. Wilde 20857
photo de Wilde
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Submersed grown plants of
C. pontederiifolia with the blades
near the surface.
coll. unknown
photo van Bruggen
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Aquarium picture with C. pontederiifolia in the centre. Note the slight bullate leaves
coll. unknown
photo van Wijngaarden
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An emerged grown plant with a brownish tint on the leaves.
coll .Nakomoto IS-01, cult. B 1349
photo Bastmeijer
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Another emerged cultivated specimen with a
reddish lower side of the leaves. Mostly the plants have a pale green lower side.
coll. Bogner 1739, cult W 13 - B 601
photo van Wijngaarden
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Variation in the limb of the spathe of C. pontederiifolia.
The collar is extreme high. The limb is slight twisted. The spathe can reach 10 cm length.This is the 'classical' form, widespread in cultivation.
coll. unknown, cult. B 32
photo Bastmeijer
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A form with a less pronounced collar and with red dots on the limb.
coll .Wongso SW 0407, cult B 1093
photo Bastmeijer
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Another plant from Wongso's collections shows distinct red dots on both the limb and the collar zone.
coll .Wongso SW 0406, cult..B 1092
photo Bastmeijer
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Only a few plants from Jacobsen's NJ 85-29 collection
showed an even red collar zone and limb of the spathe.
coll. Jacobsen NJ 85-29, cult. B 529
photo Bastmeijer
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A form found in the Leuser Reserve in North Sumatra with a deep red, rather narrow limb of the spathe.
coll. Wilde 20857, cult. NJ3293
photo Jacobsen
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Occasionally you will see an oblique twisted limb in C. pontederiifolia.
coll. Wongso SW0407, cult. B1093
photo Bastmeijer
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The kettle of C. pontederiifolia has a
constriction in the upper part (this is seen in much more species) and verical grooves in the lower part. The kettle wall is somewhat
translucent. Exactly as in C. moehlmannii.
coll. Nakamoto IS-01, cult. B 1349
photo Bastmeijer
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Close up of the female flowers of C.
pontederiifolia. Note the typical small red dots, giving at some distance an orange
impression.
coll. Kishi 09-04, cult. B 1299
photo Bastmeijer
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Holotype of C. pontederiifolia from 1833 (!) near Padang
coll. Korthals
224
National Herbarium Leiden
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Niels Jacobsen discovered in the old Korthals plant
an immature spathe between the cataphyls.
coll. Korthals 244
drawing Bent Johnsen
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De Wit (1990) gives a nice drawing of C.
pontederiifolia.
drawing Ike Zewald and Juliet Williamson
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Known distribution of C. pontederiifolia.
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The by Korthals in West Sumatra collected plants which were described by Schott 1863 as Cryptocoryne pontederiifolia. Unfortunately the plants were sterile and this
would cause a lot of confusion.
Around 1975, crypts imported from 'Java' flowered at with a distinct yellow limb of the
spathe. De Wit (1976) described them as a new species 'C. sulphurea'. In the same
time, When C. ferruginea was found on
Borneo, and not recognized to be this species, one thought it might be C.
pontederiifolia. Nobody knew that time the existence of a close related species from
West Sumatra: C. moehlmannii. Herbarium material of
this species was labeled as C. pontederiifolia. Rataj found an inflorescence
in it but he did not recognize it as new.
When Jacobsen (1982) discovered an immature spathe in the holotype of C.
pontederiifolia which proved to be the same as that from 'C. sulphurea' , so
it was clear that the latter has to be regarded as a synonym. Some years later De Wit
described C. moehlmannii based on cultivated material.
In the past decade much more plants were found in Sumatra showing the variation in the spathe of C. pontederiifolia. You see an almost continuous series from bright yellow to purple red, the latter named C. moehlmannii
Both species, C. pontederiifolia and C. moehlmannii are excellent
aquarium plants and grow very well in a simple tank.
Note. Rataj (1975) described a new species: C bogneri,
which too has a bright yellow limb of the spathe. In some early articles both species are
interchanged.
Updated July 2012 |
Literature. :
- Arends, J.C., Bastmeijer, J.D. & Jacobsen, N. 1982. Chromosome
numbers and taxonomy in Cryptocoryne (Araceae).II. Nord.J.Bot. 2 : 453-463.
- Bastmeijer, J.D. & B.E.E. Duyfjes. 1997. Zwei Cryptocorynen aus dem
Gunung-Leuser-Nationalpark (Sumatra, Indonesien), 2. Teil. Cryptocoryne moehlmannii De
Wit. Aqua-Planta 2-97 : 43-50.document service
- Bruggen, H.W.E. van & J.D.Bastmeijer. 1995. Cryptocoryne pontederiifolia Schott
(1863). DATZ 48(5) : 302-303.
- Dötsch, A. 1983. Violette Blattfarbung an Cryptocoryne moehlmannii Aqua-Planta 2-83 : 6.
- Gast, M. 1996. Cryptocoryne moehlmannii De Wit - nicht mehr interessant? Aqua-Planta 2-96
: 45-46.
- Jacobsen, N. 1977. Chromosome numbers and taxonomy in Cryptocoryne (Araceae). Bot.Notiser
130 : 71-87.
- Jacobsen, N. 1982. Cryptocorynen , Alfred Kernen Verlag, Stuttgart.
- Jacobsen, N. 1988. Die Geschichte der Cryptocoryne moehlmannii De Wit. Aqua-Planta 3-88:
90-95.
- Kasselmann, C. 1995. Aquarienpflanzen Ulmer, Stuttgart.
- Möhlmann, F. 1977. Eine neue Cryptocoryne. Aqua-Planta 3-77 : 3.
- Möhlmann, F. 1986. Ein unempfindlicher Wasserkelch : Cryptocoryne moehlmannii. Aquarien
Magazin 20 : 379-381.
- Möhlmann, F. 1979. Cryptocoryne moehlmannii (Pflanzenportrait). Aqua-Planta 4-79 : 9-10.
- Möhlmann, F. 1980. Cryptocoryne pontederiifolia (Pflanzenportrait). Aqua-Planta 4-80 :
15-16.
- Möhlmann, F. 1988. Eine Ueberraschung bei Cryptocoryne pontederiifolia Schott.
Aqua-Planta 1-88 : 23-24.
- Ploeg, J.van der. 1976. Cryptocoryne sulphurea De Wit sp.nov. Int. Waterplanten Symp.
Ludwigia, Wageningen.
- Rataj, K. 1975. Revision of the genus Cryptocoryne Fischer. Praha.
- Sadilek, V. 1978. Eine reizvolle Cryptocoryne-Neuheit. DATZ 31/1 : 23-25.
- Schöpfel, H. 1978. Cryptocoryne pontederiifolia. Info ZAG Wasserpflanzen 2-1978 : 2 (+
beilage).
- Schott, H.W. 1863. Cryptocoryne Fischer in: G.Miquel Ann.Mus.Bot.Lugd.Bat. 1 : 122-123.
- Vlugt, P.J.van der. 1988. Cryptocoryne pontederiifolia. Het Aquarium 58(11) : 274-278.
- Wit, H.C.D.de. 1976. Drie nieuwe Cryptocroryne-soorten. Het Aquarium 46(7) : 177.
- Wit, H.C.D.de. 1990. Aquarienpflanzen, 2. Auflage. Ulmer, Stuttgart.
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